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the Bakelite :
The very first of the industrial synthetic plastics is the one which interests us particularly and which enters the composition of numerous coffee grinders: The Bakelite , The mother of all the industrial synthetic plastics
Invented in 1907 by an American chemist of Belgian originLéo Baekeland born in Gand in 1863, died in 1944.
Invented in 1907 by an American chemist of Belgian origin Léo Baekeland born in Gand in 1863, died in 1944.
Before this invention he had invented a developable photographic sensitive paper in the artificial light (Paper Velox) the rights of which he had resold for Georges Eastman ( Kodak) for the fabulous add at the time of 1 million dollars..
What allowed her to create its own laboratory and to finalize the Bakelite.
Produced by polycondensation some phenol and the formaldéhyde
(two hydrocarbons obtained by distillation of the coal, the most common fuel of this time),
( The polycondensation is a chemical reaction allowing the connection of molecules).
This new material which is going to transform the industrial world, was used first of all for its qualities of electric insulating material and very good temperature resistance, then is a part of big inventions of the beginning of the century: the first record manufactured by Edison is in Bakelite, the first camera of Kodak the Brownie is in Bakelite, Philips for its radio sets etc....
A patent was granted to her in December, 1909 under the number 942809.
In the peak, in approximately of 1939, there were 15000 different objects realized in bakelite and 35 big multinationals which made it. But in 1926 the Bakelite falls in the public domain, what explains its numerous uses.
There are three types of Bakelite:
The Bakelite A : Viscous and soluble in the alcohol and the acetone, one bakélisait of the objects with this material, for example the cardboard of back of radio sets.
The Bakelite B : Obtained by heating of it A, she is hard cold and modelable under heat
The Bakelite C : Obtained after heating of it B, she is insoluble in solvents and heatproof (it is the Bakelite of coffee grinders) and it is the most known shape).
The Bakelite is a hard material almost having no elasticity, very breakable and no difficult implementation what explains little of use nowadays, except maybe for certain articles that must resist to the heat (,handle of stove, iron part, pumps in running, for example)
1. How to recognize the Bakelite:
The color of the Bakelite is limited to dark tints (black, brown, red) and often marbled.
After rubbing with a woolen tissue, it emanate a smell of phenol (smell of electric component which burned).
In the aspect: hard without elasticity and imperceptibly rough surface while the other plastics are perfectly smooth.
The Bakelite is very difficult to polish except the manufacturing process, if it is tarnished, the only means is to rub with a soft cloth.
You should not confuse the Bakelite with the Ebonite which has even characteristic, but which arises from some rubber, always from black color and which, if we rub it, emanate a smell of burned rubber.
2. Bakelite or Pedelit
It is interesting to note that:
The Peter Dienes company called this material" Pedelit ",
On the commercial documents it is never stated a bakelite but " Pedelit ".
3. Below, example of a coffee grinder completely realized in Bakelite :.
From 1931, Peter Dienes applies for a patent (number 609913) and market a mill, completely in Bakelite
( With the exception of the system of grinding naturally).
3. Other composing of coffee grinder realized in Bakelite:
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